A comparison of wine cultures between United Kingdom and Hong Kong Literature review - 1

An examination of wine societies between United Kingdom and Hong Kong residents - Literature survey Example They further expressed that the creation of food and wine is a worldwide marvel. Varriano (2011) included that wine had showed its uniqueness in the way of life and history of food and drink that initially began in the old Greece and Rome civilisations. It is increasingly basic to practically all types of religion as they utilize this in their love (Deutsch and Saks 2008). Today, the wine business is quickly developing alongside the ascent of the globalization (Anderson and Nelgen 2008). To be sure, wine has assumed a critical job in the lives of wine consumer’s route back previously and up to the present and later on. As indicated by crafted by Estreicher (2004), wine has assumed an essential job in the establishment of Western civilisation. He further included that wine is an enchanted extraordinary antiquated mixed drink as per its relationship with divine beings and strict and otherworldly conventions. Sanchez (2008) further said that wine is considered by the old individuals, for example, the Greeks, Romans, Cretans and Egyptian as their day by day wares dated before Christ. These individuals are accustomed to leading grape blending in their family units separately. In the antiquated history of the creation of refining, wine is viewed as the best and best sterile. Besides, it is likewise rewarded as one of the most popular items for exchange the early Western civilisation alongside vine. In this manner, wine can be demonstrated as a critical as far as religion, medication, and exchange (Estreicher 2004). Such ideas and cases are additionally upheld by the article of Squicciarini and Swinnen (2 010) as the writers had uncovered that, even back in the bygone eras, wine has been utilized by the antiquated individuals in a few different ways and inside various purposes. For example, in China, Chinese people are utilizing wines for otherworldly purposes. This is additionally the equivalent with the Indian individuals where

HOW USEFUL IS THE TERM CULTURAL REVOLUTION essays

HOW USEFUL IS THE TERM CULTURAL REVOLUTION papers HOW USEFUL IS THE TERM CULTURAL REVOLUTION I propose to characterize and to contend the inquiry How valuable is the term Cultural Revolution when applied to the Sixties? My goal is to incorporate models from history, history of science and religion. Let us initially consider Arthur Marwicks choice to periodise the sixties from 1954 to 1975 and Eric Hobsbawms periodisation (inside his book Age of Extremes, written in 3 sections) with the sixties contained in the Golden Age. These dates of periodisation are positively fascinating speculation. War commanded the way of life existing toward the start of the twentieth Century, for example the 1914-18 War, followed a couple of years after the fact by the World War II 1939-45. Europe and Britain endured monstrous misfortunes of life. At that point came the spread of Communism after the World War II. America got distrustful about the spread of Communism, and in view of this went into a war with Vietnam; with unfortunate results; they lost a huge number of youngsters; and totally neglected to stop the spread. The Vietnam war reached a conclusion through individuals power. Nation wide mass fights were held; individuals were sickened by the quantities of lives lost, and they scrutinized the uselessness and ethical quality of war Then came the numerous dangers of worldwide destruction by the alleged super powers (America and Russia). In Britain, youngsters conceived toward the apocalypse War II were raised in a crippling monetary and social condition. They were instructed not to address; seen and not heard.. Adherence was given to the chapels severe good lessons; and the class framework was still profoundly dug in the public arena. Sex was not talked about straightforwardly; consequently, numerous youngsters were explicitly unpracticed and had almost no information on contraception. Youthful unmarried ladies who got pregnant outside marriage were excluded. The regular workers right now wer... <!

Ease the Financial Burden of Funding a Funeral

Ease the Financial Burden of Funding a Funeral Ease the Financial Burden of Funding a Funeral Ease the Financial Burden of Funding a FuneralApologies for getting a little grimDealing with the loss of a beloved friend or family member is one of the most difficult experiences we will all have to face at one point. The last thing you want to be doing during such a traumatic time is dealing with any sort of financial challenges. And yet…Funeral services are not cheap. And although this is likely not the first thought you have when you lose a loved one, there is always the possibility that the one who has passed was a source of financial support.“Would you believe funeral expenses in the United States average more than $10,000?” said Elizabeth Fournier, undertaker with Cornerstone Funeral Services and author of The Green Burial Guidebook. “Death can cause monetary misfortunes as well as misery. Budgeting for it isn’t about being morose â€" its about making crucial financial preparations to lessen the impact when it happens.”Josh Hastings, founder of Money Life Wax, sha red his personal experience of dealing with this kind of situation: “Be it a family member or even setting up a fund for your own funeral (which is scary to even think about), funerals are super expensive and super burdensome. At age 25 I, unfortunately, had to deal with the loss of a parent. One of the most difficult times in my life was losing my mom; however, making matters worse was covering funeral expenses and stressing over the costs.”While it is not a fun process to think about, it is important to start thinking about funeral costs before you are actually dealing with them. As paying for a funeral is one of the only expenses you can be sure will come due one day, it is never too early to look into your options.Here are some of those options.Prepayment optionsOne way to avoid the strain of figuring out funeral costs in the wake of a tragic death is to pay those costs well beforehand.“Many funeral homes offer prepayment plans,” said Kurt Hemry, president of Ironwood We alth Consultants. “With some of these plans, you will pay the current day price right now with a guarantee that at [the time of] your death, you will get what you want at no additional charge. The upside to this arrangement is that payment has been made and your family is spared that concern. Also, youre protecting yourself from the increasing costs due to inflation.”There is at least one additional factor to consider, however. If you happen to move away, there may be additional transportation expenses involved to relocate your remains when you die.If you do not want to worry about moving, you can also set aside the money on your own.“Instead of using a financial product, you can save for your funeral yourself,” insurance agent Travis Price suggested. “This gives you the most freedom concerning your money. These funds should be placed in a relatively stable financial account, like a certificate of deposit (CD), to accumulate interest and keep up with inflation.”Insurance Some people would not get car insurance if the law did not require it. Others would forgo health insurance (and some may in states where health insurance is no longer mandatory), but it is very unlikely that they will go the rest of their lives without getting sick. However, there’s one thing that is definitely guaranteed in life. And it is a very good idea to get insurance for it, if you can afford it.“An alternative to an annuity is a permanent life insurance policy,” Hemry explained. “Buy a policy with a death benefit large enough to pay for the funeral, but one that allows you to make much smaller monthly or annual premium payments. Regardless if you die sooner, or much later, the death benefit will cover the expenses.”Alternative choicesIt is also possible to save money by choosing less traditional funeral options.Fournier offered some cost-saving measures: “Many states allow a funeral home just to oversee and guide. People can provide their own transportation for t heir loved ones, build their own caskets, and even keep bodies at home.”If you want to save even more money and have a flexible view of the burial process, there is a very practical possibility you can explore.“You can donate your body to science or medical research,” Randy VanderVaate, owner and CEO of Funeral Funds, said. “Most costs will be eliminated by doing it this way, but you have to be comfortable with the thought of how your body will be used.”Needless to say, funerals are a financial burden on top of dealing with the grief of losing a loved one.” We just can’t say it enough: the sooner you start planning for the inevitable, the less you will have to worry about it later on.ContributorsElizabeth Fournier an undertaker with Cornerstone Funeral Services and author of The Green Burial Guidebook, the first book on the market to really break down all the natural burial choices available in North America. Follow her on Twitter @elizfournier.Josh Hastings  is a form er high school athletic director at the secondary level who shifted his focus to focus more effort on his entrepreneur endeavors in 2016. In 2017 he founded  MoneyLifeWax.com, a personal finance site dedicated to helping millennials with student loans. With an emphasis on money and finance behavior, he started Money Life Wax  to help millennials realize there are other ways to make money and be happy in the 21st century. Follow him on Twitter @moneylifewax.Kurt Hemry, president of Ironwood Wealth Consultants, has more than 32 years in the financial industry. His approach to retirement planning is giving the brush to his clients to paint the canvas of their ideal retirement. By understanding their picture-perfect retirement, he can build a plan that can best fit his client’s masterpiece.Travis Price is a licensed life and senior health insurance agent located in Traverse City, Michigan. He is licensed to offer insurance programs in Michigan, Texas, Virginia, Iowa, Illinois, and Sou th Carolina. He has been representing the insurance needs of seniors since 2012. You can visit his website at www.ifixmedicare.com.Randy  VanderVaate is the president and owner of Funeral Funds based out of Dallas, Texas. Licensed in all 50 states, Funeral Funds specializes in affordable burial insurance, final expense insurance, and life insurance for people ages 50-85. His goal is to eliminate the financial burden that a funeral, cremation, or other final expenses place on family members after the death of a loved one. VanderVaate can be reached at www.FuneralFunds.com.

Civil Rights - 971 Words

Civil Rights The struggle for equality has been a battle fought for hundreds of years amongst Native Americans, African Americans, and Mexican Americans. When we hear the words civil rights often we conjure images of Martin Luther King Jr. delivering his soul-stirring â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech before the nation’s capital. The truth is, minorities have been fighting for their civil rights way before the 1950’s in fact it dates way back to the early 1880’s when Native Americans lost their lands, family, culture but most importantly their rights as human beings. America deprived Native Americans of their rights and ways of living by recruiting the young children to try and stop them from growing up to become â€Å"savages,† as the USA†¦show more content†¦These and other images are a testament to the intense burst of black activism and the resulting white backlash that characterized the civil rights movement of the mid twentieth century. The civil rights movement that spanned the years following the Brown v. Board of Education decision of 1954 through the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 marked a watershed period that accomplished far more than the elimination of racial barriers; it led to the overwhelming transformation of American social, cultural, and political life. Changes to prevailing notions about the citizenship rights of blacks, for example, coupled with a redefinition of the role of the government and courts in protecting these rights; continue to bolster the human rights of all Americans, regardless of their skin color. The American civil rights movement left a permanent mark on American society. The most evident forms of racial discrimination came to an end, and racial violence declined immeasurably. Today, African Americans can freely exercise their right to vote, and in communities where blacks were once banned from the polls, blacks are elected to public offices. Millions of blacks, too, have been lifted out of poverty as a result of the many economic opportunities created by the civil rights movement. Also important, the civil rights movement served as a model for the advancement of other minority groups, including women, the disabled, gays, and many others.Show MoreRelatedCivil Rights And Civil Rights Essay1087 Words   |  5 PagesGovernment 2305 7 OCT 2017 Civil rights verses civil liabilities. Civil rights entail the basic need to be free from unequal treatment based on characteristics such as gender, race, nationality and disability among others. Civil rights are political rights, economic rights and social rights that are entitled to every citizen by birth in order to participate fully without oppression or discrimination against. Civil rights violation occurs in almost all phases of human rights. In case of employment peopleRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement1286 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil Rights movement is one of the most important acts to change the way not only African Americans were able to live their lives but all races and colors. It would slowly break down the social, economic, political, and racial barriers that were created by the The Age of Discovery and Transatlantic Slave trade. I believe without the Civil Rights acts our country would result to be no better than what it was when the Emancipation Proclamation just took effect. In the 1950s and long befo re, SouthernRead MoreWomans Civil Right1308 Words   |  6 PagesA Women’s Civil Right The speech †A Women’s Civil Right† was written in 1969 and the feminist author Betty Friedan delivered it. Betty Friedan was a proponent of the modern women’s movement and claimed that women in 1969 and onwards should not be trapped in the stereotypical housewife role. Friedan was convinces that social barriers in the society kept women imprisoned in â€Å"the housewife trap†. She wanted women to have better career opportunities, introduce equality with men and to eliminate theRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1025 Words   |  5 PagesJennyfer Tshilanda Professor Sharifian Government 2305 September 28th, 2017. 1 Civil rights vs Civil liberties 1. 2 Define Civil Liberties; then define Civil Rights. How are they similar? How do they differ? Which civil sequence has more influence on your life as you know it to be now? Why do you believe this to be so? Civil rights and civil of liberties have regularly been the discussion of different locales throughout the years. In the achievement of social liberties and freedoms, laws and statutoryRead MoreThe Rise Of The Civil Rights Movement1179 Words   |  5 Pagesthat arose in the 1960s, there are three movements that truly affected the American society. Firstly, the rise of the civil rights movement was greatly influenced by racial discrimination of colored people in the South. Secondly, the women’s movement aimed to convince the society that women are capable of achieving and maintaining higher waged job like males. Lastly, the gay rights movement aimed to gain acceptance and stop discrimination of homosexuality. The most significant effect on the developmentRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1081 Words   |  5 Pages1 McGahey 3 Megan McGahey Sherry Sharifian GOVT 2305 71430 20 September 2017 Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights In the U.S. most use the terms Civil Liberties and Civil Rights interchangeably; although they both protect the freedom of citizens they do this in different ways. 2 Civil Liberties are limitations placed on the government. These are things the government is restricted to do, by the constitution. Things that could interfere with personal freedom. 3 For example, the 1st amendment says thatRead MoreThe American Civil Rights Movement1519 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Civil Rights Movement is personified through several prominent personalities. These figures exhibited strong character throughout their careers in activism that revolutionized the ideals and opportunities of the 20th century, standing as precedents for courage and perseverance in the face of widespread systemic oppression. However, not all of these figures received the acknowledgment and acceptance that their legacy deserved. One such figure was Bayard Rustin, a lifelong Civil Rights activistRead MoreReasons F or The Civil Rights Movement1436 Words   |  6 PagesWhen did the Civil Rights Movement begin in earnest in Buffalo? The Civil Rights Movement In Buffalo was weak and many people were quiet and conservative. It was less a Movement than a group of scattered individuals, primarily black and Jewish. This Civil Rights Movement happened in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. Some people believed that this movement began in Western New York. African Americans faced many social problems during this time period, which demonstrated the significance of organizingRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1009 Words   |  5 Pages29 September 2017 Civil Liberties are basic freedoms and rights that are guaranteed to us by the government through the Constitution, Bill of Rights, and the Federal Law (â€Å"Civil Rights vs. Civil Liberties.†). Whether they are freedom of speech or a right to an attorney, these basic rights are a right to all of us. 1 Civil rights are the basic rights to be free from unequal treatment based on certain protected characteristics (race, gender, disability, etc. ) (â€Å"Civil Rights vs. Civil Liberties.†). WhetherRead MoreCivil Rights Movement823 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction: This paper is about the blacks wanting equal rights like the whites have.Then everything gets out of hand.The fire truck hoses get used on people,the k-9 dogs go attack the people, people go to jail. King goes to jail and writes a report and gets out of jail. Finally, Birmingham takes down the â€Å"blacks only† and â€Å"whites only† signs from the bathroom and drinking fountains. Blacks now can use any bathroom and drinking fountain they want. The SCLC launched Project C† (for Birmingham)

Standardized Testing Is Defined By Standardized Test...

Standardized Testing is defined by Standardized Test Definition as, â€Å"any form of test that (1) requires all test takers to answer the same questions, or a selection of questions from common bank of questions, in the same way, and that (2) is scored in a ‘standard’ or consistent manner, which makes it possible to compare the relative performance of individual students or groups of students.† This formality of testing was introduced in 1845 by educational pioneer, Horace Mann. Mann’s vision for these test, that was made originally for students to prove their obtained knowledge through the tests, was to perfect the best teaching methods so that every student had equal opportunities. The present-day standard tests, like SAT and ACT, were†¦show more content†¦It also authorized students to be evaluated on their knowledge and skills and not take their restriction in ethnical background or their current situation that day into account. The machine al so allows for tests to be graded on a large scale since standardized tests are used worldwide. Another aspect that proved to negatively impact the test is how quantifiable the results used are. Many standardized tests are similarly labeled under Criterion-Referenced. Criterion-Referenced tests are are tests that measure a student’s ability in specific criterias, a popularly known used test in elementary and middle school is the MAP(Measures of Academic Progress) test that focuses on the basic knowledge of Mathematics, English, Science, Reading, and Writing. In all of those criterias the test is restrictive to what the student should know and later on which causes the inability to solve problems on a creative level but on â€Å"standard† level. These tests at points proved to be useful for the goal it was established for but it was established by politicians who believed it will furthermore improve our education system. Standardized testing, federal level, is leading in more student anxiety than local level tests. Spector points out that â€Å"six in ten school psychologists said the Common Core learning standards, which includes state exams for students in third through eighth grades each April, has increased students’ anxiety†. Spector also states in his newsletter from one of hisShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Standardized Testing871 Words   |  4 PagesThe Negative Effects of Standardized Testing The purpose of the No Child Left Behind Act is designed to close the achievement gap between high/low performing children and improve/strengthen accountability amongst schools (Department of Education). As a result, the Department of Education has implemented a sanctions and rewards system, stipulated in the No Child Left behind Act. If schools do not perform according to the act, funding will be withdrawn, teachers and administrators could get laid offRead MoreStandardized Testing Should Be Standardized Tests1329 Words   |  6 Pageseverybody in this generation has taken a standardized test in some level of schooling. A standardized test is defined as a â€Å"test that requires all test takers to answer the same questions, or a selection of questions from a common bank of questions, in the same way, and that is scored in a standard or consistent manner, which makes it possible to compare the relative performance of individual students or groups of students† (â€Å"Standard ized Test Definition†). There is lots of debate around the countryRead MoreStandardized Tests Are Not A Success1347 Words   |  6 PagesStandardized Tests are Not a Success Standardized testing has been ruling over the lives of students, making or breaking them in their education without fair judgement. Tests like the SAT and the ACT count for way too much when applying to colleges, which in turn limits the student s capabilities to thrive in an environment that would benefit them. There are many problems within a standardized test that deems them to be unreliable as a true test of knowledge. Although designed to test groups ofRead MorePsychological Testing1277 Words   |  6 PagesPsychological Testing Heather Kramer University Of Phoenix PSY/475 Psychological Tests and Measurements John Papazafiropoulos 3/9/2009 Psychological Testing Hogan (2003, pg. 15) offer four central assumptions that are made by individuals in regard to psychological testing they are as follows, â€Å"peopleRead MoreTesting Anxiety Has A Major Effect On The Outcome Of Student s Placement On Standardized Tests1216 Words   |  5 PagesTesting anxiety has a major effect on the outcome of student’s placement on standardized tests. Throughout my education experience I have struggled with taking tests. Furthermore, tests have affected the outcome of my educational career. On the other hand, I have overcame those hardships because of the opportunities I was given. Well, Mike Rose in â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average† understands what it feels like to be misplaced. Throughout that time period, Mike Rose’s test and some other person with theRead MoreStandardized Tests Should Not Be The Standard1321 Words   |  6 Pagesexceptionally well on standardized tests. Whether it was the WKCE, the PSAT, or the SAT, I excel led at multiple choice, fill-in-the-bubble tests. When it came time for me to take the ACT, I knew going into it that I had that test in the bag. I came out with much better than average scores, scoring a 28 on the overall test, much better than most of my peers. Though math was never my strongest subject in high school, I had still managed to pull a score of 25 on the math section of the test. When I got toRead MoreUsing Group Activities As Formative Assessment Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesMathematics Classroom The modern educational system is characterized by an increase demand for accountability and high-stakes testing. The demand for such accountability and testing is demonstrated in the quest for the use of summative assessments that provide a summary of the learning progress of students. Generally, the push for increased accountability and high-stakes testing has contributed to the use of different kinds of assessments that are administered at the state, district, school, and nationalRead MoreIdentification And Programming For Gifted Learner1281 Words   |  6 Pagesleast two of the pioneers of the IQ testing movement and explain their contributions to the field Two of the pioneers of the IQ testing movement I chose were Alfred Binet (who collaborated with his colleague Theodore Simon and Lewis Terman who also worked with Binet on the American version. Alfred Binet is a French psychologist who is known to have developed the very first practical intelligence test which became the basis for contemporary intelligence tests. He worked with a young medical studentRead MoreHow Different Psychologists Defined Intelligence935 Words   |  4 Pages Mrs. K June 24,2015 How Different Psychologists Defined Intelligence For many people, the definition of intelligence on an individual is that whom stand out based on their educational accomplishments,ability to perform a hard fast fast and efficiently, and clever remarks. For psychologists;however, a simple definition isn’t sufficient to come to an agreement of the definition of intelligence , hence their developed theories. Some of the contributors to theoriesRead MoreI Are Not Special By David Mccullough Jr., An English Teacher And Son Of A Pulitzer Prize1466 Words   |  6 Pagesgenerations and America’s educational system insist upon our country’s youth. In other words, maintaining a 4.0 GPA, playing three high school sports, and excelling in music or drama does not make an individual extraordinary anymore. Individuality is defined as the quality or character of a particular person or thing that distinguishes them from others of the same kind. Now, if these standard expectations in school and extracurriculars are co ntinued to be enforced, individuality will become obsolete.

Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini Free Essays

Physical geography has a major Influence to the story. The themes of geography that mainly pertain to the story are Place, Human/ Environmental Interactions, and Movement. Place can have physical and human characteristics. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini or any similar topic only for you Order Now The physical geography of Afghanistan changed after the wars and the Taliban attacks. For example, before in the â€Å"old days the wind swept through the irrigated plains around Islamabad where farmers grew sugar cane and the sweetness impregnated the air. † Now there were narrow road and dries up gutters. In Kabul when Hosannas and Emir were young boys, they used to run up hills surrounded by Poplar and Pomegranate trees. Treetops could be seen poking from behind the houses as they played. Now most of the trees were gone used as wood for lumber to keep Taliban from hiding. Where before you could fins street vendors and restaurants, now there are only dusty roads, abandoned buildings, and beggars. The number of beggars and orphaned children increased after the wars. The change in this geographical sense changed the way of life of the Afghan’s because now they were homeless because their houses were taken over by â€Å"guest† as the referred to the Taliban. They were left without Jobs, ways of growing crops and providing for their families. The war left omen and children husbandly and fatherless. Another theme of geography that pertains is movement. Because of the war, people were forced to relocate. Those that had money fled from Afghanistan. Babe and Emir left from Kabul dictatorial and into a foreign country, America, in hope of a better future. In Afghanistan they were the aristocratic class and In America they became the working class. The following ethnic groups represented In Kite Runner are Afghans. Pakistanis, Arabs, Palestinian, Iranians, Russians, and Germans. The major ethnic groups represented are the Afghans’ divided into two major groups, the Hazard’s and the Pushpins, and the Pakistanis. The Hazard’s are outsiders according to other Afghans because of their Mongolia indigenous people of eastern and southeast Asia and Arctic region. They are also considered outsiders because the Hazard’s are Shiite Muslims In a mostly Sunnis Muslim nation. The Pushpins are the dominant ethnic group In Afghanistan accounting for more than half of the population. The Pushpins are Sunnis Muslims in a Sunnis Muslim Nation. The majority of Pakistanis practice Islam. Islam governs their personal, legal, political and economic parts of their life. Pakistanis live in a hierarchical society and are respect because of age and position. There are many examples of their conflicts during the course of the novel. One example Is when Hosannas finds his mother’s history book and starts reading it. In the book he finds an inure chapter about the Hazards and how they were persecuted and oppressed by the Pushpins. When he takes it to his teacher, he replies, â€Å"That’s the one thing Shih’s people do well, passing themselves as martyrs. † This show how they differ and how they dislike each other. Another example is when the teacher ells Emir, that Iranians are â€Å"grinning smooth talkers who patted you on the back with one hand and picked your pocket with the other. † This shows how they dislike each other even though the Iranians, Like the Hazards, are Shih’s Muslims. Another example with me in Mazda†¦ We left them out for the dogs†¦ † This shows that the Taliban could not put away their differences and they had so much hatred that they believed the Hazards were as significant as animals. The novel faithfully matches the reality of its time. Throughout the book, it mentions dates important to the plot but also events that happened in reality. For example, it leaked about King Mohammad Sahara Shah being sent away to Italy and being overthrown by his cousin Mohammad Doodad Khan in 1973. When further research was done, it proved to be correct with actual events. Another example of this was when the book mentions that the Taliban took over and massacred the Hazard’s in 1998. After further studies, it proved to be accurate with the real events. Another factual event illustrated in the novel was when it mentions the United States boycotting the Olympic Games in Moscow in 1980. After research, it is proven that the facts given in the novel match the events that actually occurred. How to cite Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, Papers

The importance of maintaining confidentiality

Information obtained from individuals who are undergoing marriage/family counseling should always be treated with privacy. This practice is known as confidentiality. Professionals who offer counseling services to clients are the only one expected to have access to the confidential data. In all counseling sessions, clients should be made to feel secure and comfortable even before they begin sharing their experiences with the counselor. If clients feel intimidated or insecure in any way, the counseling process cannot get along as expected.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of maintaining confidentiality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Worse still, the client cannot receive any workable emotional or psychological assistance if the privacy of information shared cannot be guaranteed. The ability to maintain confidentiality of information obtained from clients is a critical ethical component since it is i llegal to share private data without consent from the affected party, the client being counseled can hardly share personal information if it will not be kept confidential, and it also leads to gross counseling failure since the patient cannot receive the required help. Although some counselors argue that verbal information can be shared out especially if it does not infringe the rights of clients, it is completely unethical to do so. Both verbal and written information obtained from clients undergoing marriage counseling should be treated with high level of confidentiality (Melton, 1997). In any case, all forms of information obtained from counseling sessions are usually very sensitive and can lead to gross mistrust as well as poor relationship development among the parties involved. It is perhaps necessary to begin by exploring what can be considered to be confidential or private in a marriage/counseling process. Some of the examples of sensitive information that can be shared out include infidelity problems between partners or spouses, emotional trauma arising from deep family wrangles, serious medical problems that impede procreation, infertility and stigma arising from an embarrassing infection (Mulligan, 1996). We cannot imagine such type of information being shared out to third parties without the consent of the client being counseled. It can be disastrous to both the counselor and recipient of the services if delicate data of such magnitude is accessed by the public and other uninterested parties. There are ethical standards that ought to be followed keenly when applying the concept of confidentiality on the records of clients undergoing counseling sessions (Melton, 1997). Although breach of confidentiality is a common experience in most counseling institutions, it is prudent to mention that the privacy of patients can only be tampered with when the mental health condition of the affected person is at high risk. Needless to say, exposing confidential da ta should only take place when there is looming danger. Professional marriage counselors may plunge themselves into costly law suits if they breach the privacy of their clients.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are several factors that have hindered full application of ethical standards. For instance, lack of clear guidelines or legislations in some jurisdictions and counseling facilities is a major setback. Even in the absence of strict legislations in place, breach of privacy can be minimized with the assistance of staff members who have undergone thorough capacity building and training on ethical standards (Melton, 1997). A case study of the United States reveals that strict legislations have been adopted by both the state and federal authorities when it comes to privacy of counseling information obtained from clients. Both the Patient Bill of Rights and HIPAA have been passed by the legislature in order to protect the confidentiality of recipients undergoing counseling. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Acts (HIPAA) are instrumental in enhancing the privacy of counseling recipients. Even though confidentiality has been a critical issue in both of these pieces of legislations, the ability of a counseling institution to offer high quality care should be a vital part of the entire process. It is not possible for counseling experts to offer poor quality care while at the same time claim to be capable of protecting the privacy of clients (Melton, 1997). High quality counseling sessions should go a long way in addressing the innermost needs of clients especially in regards to confidentiality. Conclusion To recap it all, the ability to maintain confidentiality of information gathered from individuals undergoing counseling is a critical ethical factor bearing in mind that it is against the law to share private information without permission from the concerned party. In addition, the individual being counseled cannot easily share personal information if it will not be kept confidential. On the same note, it may culminate into gross counseling failure because the patient cannot obtain the required counseling assistance as anticipated. It is also vital to assert that marriage counselors should not harm clients in any way when obtaining, recording and distributing their data. This implies that a positive relationship should be developed between counselors and clients. In other words, both of them should have a common understanding on the type of information that can be shared with the third party without causing any gross risk to the patient. References Melton J.L. (1997). Sounding Board: The Threat to Medical-Records Research. New England Journal of Medicine, 337 (20), 1466-1469. Mulligan, D. (1996). Privacy and Health Information Systems: A Guide to Protecting Patient Confidentiality. Center for Democracy and Technology: Wash ington, D.CAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of maintaining confidentiality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on The importance of maintaining confidentiality was written and submitted by user Athena Zamora to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Literate in a Modern Society

Literate in a Modern Society Human history saw many examples when knowledge meant everything for people because the information and ability and opportunity to acquire it was something more than simply data from books, this was independence in terms of thoughts and the ways of expressing one’s ideas. So, people strove for knowledge, for free access to information, and means of obtaining knowledge.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Literate in a Modern Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The modern world changed greatly and literacy is not associated with ability to read and to write; it has become a method of achieving one’s goals in accordance with the rules typical for modern people. However, literacy can still be perceived as a set of skills that enable a person to read and write because is it a burning issue of modern education. Contemporary society fights for higher literacy level because representatives of modern youth ar e not able to spell their names correctly. Competency of educators is one of the burning issues of this day because the quality of knowledge depends greatly of the level of knowledge and effectiveness of methods applied by educators on different levels of the educational process. However, it can be concluded that educators should not assess their students objectively because students are discouraged by low grades. This vicious circle leads us to the illiteracy of the rising generation and irreversible consequences with regard to future generations. The modern world suggests many options on the ways of acquiring knowledge and gaining experience in different areas of human activity. People should be able to read, write communicate their ideas, and deal with technological innovations that include communication, storage, sharing devices and a great variety of other means of communication and learning. As the level of literacy is not sufficient, it is necessary to analyse the reasons for this. The past generation saw the rise of technological progress and invention of various devices to facilitate human life and work. So, the means used by professionals to accelerate their productivity served as means of entertainment for children that are now students and young specialists. They can read typed texts and write electronic messages. However, the literacy problem is carried to the point of absurdity when it comes to spelling some words and checking the appropriateness level of the word use and other factors that contribute to the overall literacy level.Advertising Looking for article on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More People need literacy skills in all areas of human life and activity though some fields require a higher level of literacy as an option for effective performance of a company. So, if a person cannot write without a word processor that spell-checks the message, he/she can happen to fail in the overall performance within business area, politics, administration, and managerial positions. The community demonstrates an increased level of cohesion and integrity today. Individuals should be able to convey their messages effectively not causing misunderstanding to inform the global community about their goals and means of their achieving. In this respect, international non-profit and for-profit organizations, those engaged into commerce and cultural exchange should gain literacy skills to be able to share knowledge and experience accumulated in their native community. Every individual should be able to read and write to convey messages and share knowledge. While international organizations try to solve the problem of literacy level that seems to fall dramatically, it is necessary to engage the community members into development of methods and techniques suitable for the current situation when a lot of mistakes are made and something should be done to e nable current students obtain knowledge necessary for their adult life as independent qualified employees.

The Connection Between Time and Temper

The Connection Between Time and Temper The Connection Between Time and Temper The Connection Between Time and Temper By Mark Nichol The Latin noun tempus, meaning â€Å"season† or â€Å"time,† is the source of time and other words pertaining to chronological measurement, but it is also the origin of terms associated with literal and figurative measurement in general as well as some that have related meanings, as detailed in this post. Tempus is borrowed directly into English only in the phrase â€Å"tempus fugit,† an abridgement of a quotation from the Roman philosopher Virgil; it translates to â€Å"Time flies,† commenting on ephemerality or expressing impatience. Tempo comes directly from Italian and refers in English to the speed at which music is performed or to the rate of any rhythmic activity. Temporary means â€Å"lasting only for a time† and has developed into a noun referring to someone hired temporarily; this usage is often abbreviated to temp. Contemporary, meaning â€Å"characteristic of the present† or â€Å"modern,† literally means â€Å"with time.† Extempore (literally, â€Å"out of time† and pronounced â€Å"extempory†), formally means â€Å"without preparation or time to prepare† but has the additional connotation of â€Å"spontaneously.† It serves primarily as an adverb but can also be used as an adjective or a noun, although extemporaneous is the preferable adjectival form. To temporize, meanwhile, is literally to conform to the time by adopting to an established opinion, or to draw out discussion or negotiation to gain time, while temporal refers to that which pertains to time, not space, to measurable time as opposed to eternity, or to secular rather than sacred matters, or pertains to a specific time or to the sequence of time. A contretemps- the word is borrowed from the French term contre-temps (literally, â€Å"against time†)- originally described an error in fencing, from the notion of poor timing, and now refers to an argument or an embarrassment. Tense, referring to the form of a verb showing time, comes from the Old French word tens, which derives from tempus. (The sense of tense that means â€Å"strained† or â€Å"rigid† is unrelated; it is akin to thin.) The noun temper, meaning â€Å"composure,† â€Å"disposition,† or â€Å"passion,† as well as â€Å"courage† or â€Å"tone† (as in â€Å"the temper of the times†), or pertaining to the state of a substance, such as the feel of leather or the resilience of steel- and the verb temper, meaning â€Å"moderate,† or â€Å"attune† or â€Å"toughen†- is derived from the Latin verb temperare, meaning â€Å"moderate,† which is likely related to the original sense of tempus, which may be â€Å"stretch.† The Latin verb is also the source of temperature, which pertains both literally to relative heat or cold or figuratively to mood or emotional heat. (To say that someone is â€Å"running a temperature† means that the person’s body heat is abnormally warm.) The sense of temple that pertains to the area to either side of the forehead derives from the â€Å"stretch† sense of tempus, but the meaning â€Å"sacred building† is unrelated. Tempest, meaning â€Å"storm,† is from the â€Å"season† sense of the Latin term, as is the adjective tempestuous, which describes not only a literal storm but also turbulent behavior or a stormy relationship. The idiom â€Å"tempest in a teapot† refers to an event treated out of proportion to its (in)significance. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your StoryAwoken or Awakened?The 7 Types of Possessive Case

Summary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 24

Summary - Assignment Example This focuses on reducing psychological problems that may significantly affect the employees. A critical analysis of the case under study which is based on employee perception of problems, it is evident that smoking is an aspect of challenges the organization and the employees grapple with. In the opinion of Noe (pg.44-8), the main issue is how to solve it with regard to supervisor or management awareness and appropriate mitigation measures as illustrated in table 19, question 7. For in-depth research study on the problem of smoking it is imperative that the available statistics is critically evaluated to promote development of informed decision. The provided case indicates that Smoking is a common addiction among workers and is attributed to diverse problems that workers experience. Cording to DeCenzo and Stephen (pg. 56-9),some employees smoke out of frustration in their job while others undertake it in pursuit of happiness as they cannot find it at home and this is explained from the tabulated finding in table 18,question 5. It is therefore important from some of the feedback that human resource management asses the emotional feelings of the workers. Through such practices, the individual psychological problems that lead to smoking among the employees can be helped by guidance and counseling. Such programmes can significantly boost the overall welfare of the employees, enhance their health and improve their productivity. Several scholarly works have been produced to explore the issue of smoking as one of employee challenges and appropriate human resource measures. It is therefore important to give an annotated bibliography as shown below. The author explores the critical human resource practices that emphasize the need to understand the social problems facing individual employees. It is relevant to the case under study in which employees show significant urge to see their supervisors counsel and

The Effect of Learing Styles With Young Learners Research Paper

The Effect of Learing Styles With Young Learners - Research Paper Example This paper stresses that traditional methods of teaching never addressed the needs of each and every people in the class. The teacher often adopts a common strategy for everyone irrespective of whether the student is brilliant or not. The teacher never bothered about teaching individually. In the traditional methods of teaching, punishments were implemented as part of motivating the students. Traditional methods never focused in developing the skills of the students. It focused simply in injecting volumes of content into the minds of the students. In other words, traditional methods emphasized more on knowledge and understanding while avoiding the needs of application and the skill development. As per the current learning concepts, the curriculum is revolving around the student rather than the teacher. The needs of the students have given more priority in the current classroom teaching methods. Based on these changing concepts of learning, the learning styles were given more importan ce in the present curriculum. This report makes a conclusion that learning styles have an important role in helping the student for proper learning. Different students may have different learning styles because of their individual differences due to heredity and environment. Instead of avoiding passive students, the teachers should try to understand the learning styles of each student and in order to teach them effectively and to make them active in the classroom. The teacher should adopt audio, video mediums along with kinesthetic and tactile mediums for making the learning meaningful. Meta cognitive system is more dominant compared to the cognitive system in the learning process and the teacher must realize it in order to devise effective teaching strategies.

Elitism Theory Analysis

Elitism Theory Analysis Elitism is a political theory that rejects Marxs views of equality and suggests that there will always be a minority elite ruling the majority. The theory in principle suggests that the people are ruled by the most able and those who are capable of doing the best job and this sounds like a good theory as the country will fare better under people who are most capable of leading. However the issue with this is that the elite in control can use the state to control power and thus maintain power and not providing a true democracy. Elitism can be split into three forms; classical, democratic and modern elitism all of which have a slightly different take on the way the state works and how the minority can use the state to dominate the majority. Elitism is not believed by all and is challenged by two other theories, Marxism and Pluralism. Marxists believe that class position is derived from the persons relationship to the means of production, owners and workers, and not as elitists believe from a mix of economic political or ideological resources. Furthermore Pluralists believe that the state such a complex institution that it cannot be dominated by one group and hence power is shared between many government departments and institutions. The British state with the queen as the head of state, although this is a powerless position, is dominated by parliament who has the ability to create or dismantle laws without having to answer to the people until a general election. I believe that the contemporary British State is still quite elitist with the members of parliament and the cabinet being largely made up of those who have been public schooled and gone to the elite universities of Oxford or Cambridge. This view can even be shown by the recent MPs expenses scandal as the MPs cheated money out of the taxpayer showing how the elite minority thought they were above the majority. Therefore this essay seeks to show how the different elite theories relate to the contemporary Br itish state and how relevant they are today. Classical Elitism was defined by key political scientist Gaetano Mosca as In all societies two classes of people appear a class that rules and a class that is ruled the first class always the numerous performs all political functions, monopolises power and enjoys the advantages that power brings, whereas the second more numerous class is directed and controlled by the first[i]. This quote represents the belief that elite rule is inevitable due to the human race being blessed with different talents and those who are more talented will always rise to the top. The classical elitist theory is underpinned by the fact that the ruling elite is closed off from the ruled and its members are selected by virtue of the economic, political or ideological resources[ii]. This shows the reason why elitists reject Marxism, that eventually there will be a classless state, as elitists believe that there will always be the dominant and the dominated and that class will occur through all societies. Plura lism is also rejected by elitists as pluralists argue that there is a diffusion of power between many government institutions and departments whereas the elitists believe that power is dominated by the minority in control. Classical elitism in some ways does refer to the contemporary British state in so far as parliament is made up of the upper class and that many were public schooled and further educated in the elitist institutions of Oxford and Cambridge. Figure 1 shows the Educational Background of MPs and the cabinet from 1918 to 1955, this shows the large numbers especially on the conservative side who attended elite institutions compared to the Labour party who have a large number MPs and cabinet members from Elementary Schools. This shows that in the conservative party there is a sense of the elite are protected as they have the money to afford public schools which gives them an advantage and as such they are protected in their powerful positions in the state. This is further backed up as in the Thatcher government there were only two members of her cabinet not to have attended a fee paying school[iv]. Therefore it can be argued that the contemporary British state can be seen to be slightly elitist as those in power are protected due to their wealth and their education. Democratic elitism which is the form of elitism created by thinkers such as Max Weber and Joseph Schumpeter and is associated with critiques of Democracy, they still agree with classical elitism however, as Weber put it All ideas aiming at abolishing the dominance of men over men are illusory[v]. This quote gives clear indication that democratic elitist think that elitism is inevitable as long as there is Voluntary compliance, acceptance of commands as valid norms and a belief in the legitimacy of the form of domination[vi]. Similarly to classical elitists democratic elitists fundamentally disagree with Marxism as they reject the idea of equality and say that Government has become so large that it will need specialists to run and control it in order to work efficiently, thus elitism is inevitable. Therefore the argument is that power and decision making should be those most qualified and who have the relevant expertise to make the right choices. As far as this relates to the contempo rary British state it could be argued that Britain is relatively elitist as 37 out 51 prime ministers went to either Oxford or Cambridge suggesting that they are the most intelligent and thus the right people to be taking decisions on behalf of the country. However these institutions are very elitist and select on background and status thus meaning that elites are protected as they will always be the most educated hence why the population cannot decide on the elite but can only legitimise their decisions. However in the future under new plans laid out by Lord Mandleson students from a disadvantaged background would be given a reduced offer to university in Labours attempt to increase social mobility. The scheme would work in such a way that The plan could replicate the scheme at St Georges medical school, London, where the standard requirement for a place to study medicine is three As at A-level. Candidates can be given an offer of two Bs and a C if they outperform their school aver age by 60 per cent. This favours the brightest pupils in bad schools, which are often in the most deprived areas[vii]. This is an attempt by the Labour government to try and make the state in the future less elitist as people from all over the country with different backgrounds will be qualified and will be able to perform an active role in Government and in society in order to promote a more equal state. The final form of Elitism, which was put forward by Political Scientists such as Skocpol, C.Wright Mills and Walter Burnham is modern elitism. Modern Elitists still believe that democracy is limited and that elitism is inevitable, apart from modern elitists look at elitism at an international level through organisations such as the IMF and the United Nations which suggests a tie between politics and economics as shown by Mills whose work suggested a close relationship between economic elites and governmental elites: the corporate rich and the political directorate[viii]. This can show how elitism has become more globalised as national elites became dominated by international elites, thus following the recent economic pattern of globalisation and global shift and how the world has become more integrated creating another elite on the world stage. On a smaller scale the recent creation of the President of the EU is another international elitist position which is overpowering domestic go vernments. Therefore it can be argued that contemporary Britain does fit a modern elitist position as to locate the elite one must look more to the international level rather than the national level as Britain is a member of the EU and the United Nations. Another example of international elitism is the upcoming Copenhagen Climate Summit which will be dominated by several key players who have the most influence in both political and economic spheres mainly the USA and China. There is one part of Modern elitism however which does not fit with the contemporary British state and that is the belief that the state has power which can rival or even exceed economic power. I think that the pluralist view that big business has a privileged position in society is more fitting as shown by the recent bank bailouts showing that the government could not let large corporations such as Northern Rock go out of business, highlighting the important position large firms hold in the economy. This is espe cially so as often general elections are won depending on the economic performance for example of the economy is performing well the incumbent government is more than likely to stay in power whereas if the economy is suffering people are likely to vote for change. For example currently amid the International financial crisis there has been a large swing in the latest opinion polls regarding a general election towards the conservatives giving them a majority of 40[ix] showing how people vote for change in times of crisis such as the current financial crisis. Thus governments understand the importance of big business and will form legislation and policy in order to benefit large firms in order to lead to electoral success. Therefore although the contemporary British state does slightly fit the modern elitist perspective there are bits which suit a pluralist view more. Overall Elitist theory I think that Elitist relevant on an international scale and in some part on a domestic level. International organisations such as the IMF and the United Nations have a lot of power and often can overpower domestic governments especially in developing countries which shows that the elite class is becoming more global. I also think that elite theory is relevant on a domestic scale due to the large numbers of the elite in the ruling class of Britain. This is put forward by Guttsman who said There exists today in Britain a ruling class, if we mean by it a group which provides the majority of those who occupy positions of power and who in their turn can materially assist their sons to reach similar positions[x]. This fits the criteria of elitism as it suggests the people cannot choose the elite and the elite can protect their position by monopolising top education and the methods of production. This is also backed up by the numbers of Oxford and Cambridge graduates in government and thus in the ruling class, Over  ¾ of Cabinet ministers in 1983 were from Oxford and Cambridge[xi]. The numbers in government from elite institutions suggests that elitism is an inevitable cycle where the elite is replaced by their offspring who attend public schools and other elite educational institutions. Therefore government schemes such as the grade drop for students from deprived backgrounds could eventually stop the cycle of elite rule in the short run but in the long run these people will then become the elite and then the cycle will begin again this elite rule is inevitable. Thus leading to the theory that the people can only choose between groups of elites at elections for example between the only two parties with a realistic chance of winning a general election, Labour or the Conservatives as shown by Andrew Hayward One elite can only be removed by replacing it with another[xii].

Describe and Evaluate Two Approaches to the Treatment of Self-Defeating Behaviour

Word count – 2553 Describe and evaluate two approaches to the treatment of self-defeating behaviour. Module Five Jane Ovington May 2012 Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 1 of 9 Introduction This essay aims to describe and evaluate two approaches to the treatment of self defeating behaviour. To do this I am using the description of Anorexia Nervosa as a self defeating behaviour, one which has far reaching consequences.I will include possible origins, causes and maintenance of Anorexia and describe two of many ways in which a therapist may help with this condition whilst weighing up the strengths and weaknesses of each. Main essay What is self defeating behaviour? Self defeating behaviour could be described as behaviour that when compared to other possible courses of action, it is never the best possible action for that individual. A self defeating behaviour will at some point have been used successfully as a coping strategy to get thro ugh a difficult situation.This course of action is then stored in the subconscious by that individual as something that ‘worked’ and therefore the behaviour will be re-produced again in times of perceived trouble. The self defeating behaviour will by its very nature actually serve to ensure that the fear or consequence that the person is trying to avoid will in fact come to pass. (Chrysalis Year 2 Module5) What is Anorexia? Anorexia is an eating disorder whose main feature is excessive weight loss and obsessive exercise.A very low weight is achieved which is then maintained abnormally low for the patients age and height. The sufferer develops an intense desire to be thinner and an intense fear of becoming fat. Their body image becomes completely distorted and their body weight and shape become the main or even sole measure of self worth as maintaining an extremely low weight becomes equated with beauty, success, self-esteem, and self-control. It is not seen as a problem by the sufferer. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 2 of 9Contrary to popular belief this psychological and physical condition is not usually about food. It is a self defeating behaviour used as a way of taking control and trying to make life better and is accompanied by a variety of changes in behaviour, emotions, thinking, perceptions, and social interactions. The name Anorexia nervosa is somewhat misleading as it literally means â€Å"nervous loss of appetite. † However, for people with this disorder all waking thoughts are dominated by food, weight, and body image and incredible levels of self control are used to fight feelings of intense hunger. http://ehealthmd. com/content/what-anorexia-nervosa) Approximately 95% of those affected by anorexia are female and most often teenage girls. Higher incidence of anorexia is often seen in environments where thinness is deemed to be especially desirable or a professional requirement, such as athletes, models, dancers, and actors. In order to enter the state of Anorexia Nervosa, a person must lose weight. The majority set out to do so deliberately because rightly or wrongly they feel that they are too fat.For most people, dieting to lose weight is a struggle. Most dieters ‘cheat' or give up before they lose all the weight which they had intended to shed and for those who do reach their intended weight there is a measure of satisfaction and re-education of eating habits which allow them to maintain a healthy weight. In contrast, the soon to be anorexic finds slimming easy, rewarding and something they can be good at from the start, something they can control which brings feelings of success, power and triumph.The sense of satisfaction gained from the suppression of hunger and the level of self denial required to be successful is frequently reported by anorexic sufferers to be very empowering and so here we see how effective this behaviour may be viewed by the su fferer as a coping strategy. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 3 of 9 My own experience of this condition was one that arose when my best friend died at the age of 17. I knew for many months prior to her death that death would almost certainly be the outcome of her condition. I felt ‘out of control’ there was nothing I could do to change the course of events.The one thing I could control however was what went into my mouth. This gave me a comforting sense of taking control of something. Something I turned out to be good at, something I could focus on to make all the other uncontrollable feelings subside. Once these feelings arise, a fear of losing control prevents the sufferer from resuming normal eating habits. Their experience is dominated by these ‘feel good feelings' of control and power but it is perceived by the sufferer to be precarious and vulnerable and therefore threatened by any behaviour that may cause unwante d weight gain.The sufferers preoccupation with maintaining this new postition begins to distort all other interests, concerns and relationships. In some cases the current position is never enough and weight loss progresses until it becomes life threatening. In most cases it seems that the anorexic starts out with similar behaviour and similar intention to the ordinary slimmer but something goes wrong and the slimming behaviour is inappropriately prolonged (My own experience). Ironically, while Anorexia starts out as a feeling of taking control, it rapidly descends into a fear of losing the control the sufferer perceives themselves to have taken.All the while the condition is actually controlling the sufferer. While the media definitely plays a role in how we view ourselves, anorexia is a way of coping with what’s going on in a teen’s life. Stress, pain, anger, acceptance, confusion and fear can all become triggers for this debilitating eating disorder. The goal is one of trying to make their whole life better. Families can play a huge role. Some families are over protective and smothering which can create a need or rather a demand for independence. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 4 of 9Some families are critical of weight gain, academic or sporting accomplishments or are rigid and even abusive. Some younger people do not feel safe in their own homes, they don’t know where to turn or what to do and the need to find a way to deal with what’s going on in their lives. Life transitions such as a break up, a divorce, death of a loved one, failure at school or at work are all stressful incidents that need to be dealt with. Genetic factors can also play its part in contributing – anorexia in teenage girls occurs eight times more often in people who have relatives with the disorder. Anorexia – a guide to sufferers and their families R. L Palmer 1980). My own Mother was grossly overwe ight at the time of my condition and I viewed her as someone who was completely out of control with no respect for herself. This was a very negative view, one which I could not see in myself at the other end of the spectrum! Effects on families and friends For parents and others who are close to a person who is trapped inside the condition of anorexia, there can seem like there is no escape. It is difficult for them to understand and empathise with self destructive behaviours.It becomes extrememly distressing to see a loved one wasting away whilst refusing offers of food which seem such a tantalisingly simple solution to the problem. Feelings of helplesness and guilt set in, along with frustration, anger and despair. (Quote from my Mum from 1991). My Mother set about criticising my ‘ridiculous behaviour’ in a bid to scare me into eating this only served to make me more determined to empower myself with what had turned from self defeating behaviour into self destructive behaviour and ultimately formed a self defeating behaviour in my Mother. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 5 of 9Treatment The idea of being ‘cured’ of Anorexia by the sufferer is usually completely undesirable because what that ‘cure’ implies is that they will eat more food, put on more weight and become fat, the very thing they are trying to avoid! Therefore, Anorexia has to be acknowledged as a problem by the sufferer before effective treatment can take place. Traditionaly the disorder is treated with a combination of individual psychotherapy and family therapy to look beyond the basic issue of food intake and address the emotional issues that underpin the disorder using a psychodynamic approach. Important ethical considerationsIt is important for therapists to consider that Anorexia Nervosa, although starts out as a self defeating behaviour, it’s consequences lead to many serious medical conditions which can range from malnutrition, loss of concentration and loss of periods to total organ failure and death. Therefore a therapist should never aim to treat the condition alone, but any psychological intervention to treat the underlying causes should take place alongside appropriate medical care. Any therapists working with an anorexic client would always need written medical consent and specialist supervision and should be experienced in this field of work.However, members of the sufferers family and close friends may also benefit from therapy to address any stress, anxiety and guilt surrounding the issue and in the absence of any other contraindications, medical consent for this group would not be necessary. The psychodynamic approach The psychodynamic approach will view the clients behaviour as being derived from some internal conflict, motive or unconscious force. Once it is discovered where this conflict began the therapist can set about working through those issues to a resolutio n. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 6 of 9Generally, it is believed that if behaviours are discontinued without addressing the underlying motives that are driving them, then a relapse will occur. During my battle with Anorexia, I was hospitalised and fed to increase my body weight. I ate willingly and was quickly considered cured and discharged from the hospital. However, I had deliberately manipulated the situation with the view that the sooner I could ‘escape’ the quicker I could get back on with the job. Taking control, to bring back the feel good feelings and the sense of empowerment that meant even more to me after having been ‘overpowered’ in the hospital.Clearly this treatment was very ineffective. Later I sought help through a therapist who, using a psychodynamic approach, was able to take me back through the death of my friend and deal with the grief in an appropriate way. This eventually helped me to let go of controlling my food intake as a way of dealing with these suppressed emotions. Behavioural symptoms in the psychodynamic approach are viewed as expressions of the patient's underlying needs. Often issues can disappear or lie dormant with the completion of working through these issues.However, a psychodynamic approach to anorexia is not all encompassing. During the recovery process, anorexics will frequently suffer from feelings of panic as they learn to lessen their control. As weight is gained, they will feel anxious much of the time and suffer from low self esteem or perhaps even feel that they are a ‘bad' person and have to become a ‘people pleaser' to make up for it. Anorexics are very often perfectionists and can be very harsh on themselves. All these things combined can make the process of recovery a very stressful, anxious and self deprecating experience (My own experience).A cognitive behavioural therapy approach may best meet the needs of a client feeling this way. Anorexics are often not fully aware of the initial cause of the condition and therapy may be a way to Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 7 of 9 lift the lid off of buried emotions to enable sufferers to deal with their underlying emotions. During the grip of the disorder the over-riding emotion felt is fear and this fear over rides the body's natural wisdom around food and eating, the sufferer distrusts themselves and fears that their ‘secret greedy self' may emerge and they will lose control completely.The sufferer will hate their ‘secret greedy self' and cognitive behavioural therapy would be a valuable tool in rebuilding self trust, improving self esteem, and overcoming fear and anxiety that arises through the process of recovery. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a time-limited and focused approach that helps a person understand how their thinking and negative self-talk and self-image can directly impact their eating and negative behaviours. CBT usually focuses on identifying and altering dysfunctional thought patterns, attitudes and beliefs that may perpetuate the sufferers restrictive eating.A researcher in the early 1980’s by the name of Chris Fairburn developed a specific model of CBT to help in the treatment of Anorexia, using the traditional foundations of CBT therapy – helping a person understand, identify and change their irrational thoughts (the ‘cognitive’ part) and helping a person make the changes real through specific behavioural interventions such as promoting healthy eating behaviours through rewards. (http://psychcentral. com/lib/2006/treatment-for-anorexia/all/1/) Strengths and weaknessesIt is clear to see that both approaches are somewhat lacking and a multi-model approach should be taken to ensure success. The psychodynamic model will uncover the initial cause of the behaviour and addressing these issues will go a long way toward a successful outcome. However, it does not address the subsequent negative thought processes that keep the sufferer a prisoner within the condition. This is something that a CBT approach can successfully address but a CBT approach could fail to prevent a relapse if the underlying reasons for the negative self talk are not uncovered.Both treatments together will hold more strength in long term success, but neither seeks to address nutritional issues, food related symptoms or deep seated behavioural rituals of the eating disorder. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 8 of 9 Summary Anorexia although initially can be viewed as a self defeating behaviour, is a complicated and mulit-faceted field and I would expect a consistent and long course of therapy that may focus on a psychodynamic approach alongside person centred counselling, alongside cognitive behavioural therapy, alongside appropriate medical intervention.Hypnotherapy may also be used to improve sel f esteem, reduce stress and anxiety, coping with panic and confidence building to help the sufferer relax levels of control and resume a more healthy relationship with themselves. As the anorexic begins to regain trust in themselves and their body, they can begin to feel back in control of their emotions and thoughts, thus lessening their levels of anxiety and helping toward a successful recovery. Ultimately, the pace of therapy has to be set by the client and the client has to admit to the problem in the first place before any type of therapy can begin.References: I personally suffered from this disorder from the ages of 17-21 and some of the information used has been based on my own experiences and that of my Parents. (Chrysalis Year 2 Module 5) R. L Palmer – Anorexia Nervosa. A guide for sufferers and their families. Penguin Books 1980 (http://ehealthmd. com/content/what-anorexia-nervosa http://psychcentral. com/lib/2006/treatment-for-anorexia/all/1/) Jane Ovington  œ Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 9 of 9 any type of therapy can begin. has to be set by the client and the client has to admit to the problem in the first place before Describe and Evaluate Two Approaches to the Treatment of Self-Defeating Behaviour Word count – 2553 Describe and evaluate two approaches to the treatment of self-defeating behaviour. Module Five Jane Ovington May 2012 Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 1 of 9 Introduction This essay aims to describe and evaluate two approaches to the treatment of self defeating behaviour. To do this I am using the description of Anorexia Nervosa as a self defeating behaviour, one which has far reaching consequences.I will include possible origins, causes and maintenance of Anorexia and describe two of many ways in which a therapist may help with this condition whilst weighing up the strengths and weaknesses of each. Main essay What is self defeating behaviour? Self defeating behaviour could be described as behaviour that when compared to other possible courses of action, it is never the best possible action for that individual. A self defeating behaviour will at some point have been used successfully as a coping strategy to get thro ugh a difficult situation.This course of action is then stored in the subconscious by that individual as something that ‘worked’ and therefore the behaviour will be re-produced again in times of perceived trouble. The self defeating behaviour will by its very nature actually serve to ensure that the fear or consequence that the person is trying to avoid will in fact come to pass. (Chrysalis Year 2 Module5) What is Anorexia? Anorexia is an eating disorder whose main feature is excessive weight loss and obsessive exercise.A very low weight is achieved which is then maintained abnormally low for the patients age and height. The sufferer develops an intense desire to be thinner and an intense fear of becoming fat. Their body image becomes completely distorted and their body weight and shape become the main or even sole measure of self worth as maintaining an extremely low weight becomes equated with beauty, success, self-esteem, and self-control. It is not seen as a problem by the sufferer. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 2 of 9Contrary to popular belief this psychological and physical condition is not usually about food. It is a self defeating behaviour used as a way of taking control and trying to make life better and is accompanied by a variety of changes in behaviour, emotions, thinking, perceptions, and social interactions. The name Anorexia nervosa is somewhat misleading as it literally means â€Å"nervous loss of appetite. † However, for people with this disorder all waking thoughts are dominated by food, weight, and body image and incredible levels of self control are used to fight feelings of intense hunger. http://ehealthmd. com/content/what-anorexia-nervosa) Approximately 95% of those affected by anorexia are female and most often teenage girls. Higher incidence of anorexia is often seen in environments where thinness is deemed to be especially desirable or a professional requirement, such as athletes, models, dancers, and actors. In order to enter the state of Anorexia Nervosa, a person must lose weight. The majority set out to do so deliberately because rightly or wrongly they feel that they are too fat.For most people, dieting to lose weight is a struggle. Most dieters ‘cheat' or give up before they lose all the weight which they had intended to shed and for those who do reach their intended weight there is a measure of satisfaction and re-education of eating habits which allow them to maintain a healthy weight. In contrast, the soon to be anorexic finds slimming easy, rewarding and something they can be good at from the start, something they can control which brings feelings of success, power and triumph.The sense of satisfaction gained from the suppression of hunger and the level of self denial required to be successful is frequently reported by anorexic sufferers to be very empowering and so here we see how effective this behaviour may be viewed by the su fferer as a coping strategy. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 3 of 9 My own experience of this condition was one that arose when my best friend died at the age of 17. I knew for many months prior to her death that death would almost certainly be the outcome of her condition. I felt ‘out of control’ there was nothing I could do to change the course of events.The one thing I could control however was what went into my mouth. This gave me a comforting sense of taking control of something. Something I turned out to be good at, something I could focus on to make all the other uncontrollable feelings subside. Once these feelings arise, a fear of losing control prevents the sufferer from resuming normal eating habits. Their experience is dominated by these ‘feel good feelings' of control and power but it is perceived by the sufferer to be precarious and vulnerable and therefore threatened by any behaviour that may cause unwante d weight gain.The sufferers preoccupation with maintaining this new postition begins to distort all other interests, concerns and relationships. In some cases the current position is never enough and weight loss progresses until it becomes life threatening. In most cases it seems that the anorexic starts out with similar behaviour and similar intention to the ordinary slimmer but something goes wrong and the slimming behaviour is inappropriately prolonged (My own experience). Ironically, while Anorexia starts out as a feeling of taking control, it rapidly descends into a fear of losing the control the sufferer perceives themselves to have taken.All the while the condition is actually controlling the sufferer. While the media definitely plays a role in how we view ourselves, anorexia is a way of coping with what’s going on in a teen’s life. Stress, pain, anger, acceptance, confusion and fear can all become triggers for this debilitating eating disorder. The goal is one of trying to make their whole life better. Families can play a huge role. Some families are over protective and smothering which can create a need or rather a demand for independence. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 4 of 9Some families are critical of weight gain, academic or sporting accomplishments or are rigid and even abusive. Some younger people do not feel safe in their own homes, they don’t know where to turn or what to do and the need to find a way to deal with what’s going on in their lives. Life transitions such as a break up, a divorce, death of a loved one, failure at school or at work are all stressful incidents that need to be dealt with. Genetic factors can also play its part in contributing – anorexia in teenage girls occurs eight times more often in people who have relatives with the disorder. Anorexia – a guide to sufferers and their families R. L Palmer 1980). My own Mother was grossly overwe ight at the time of my condition and I viewed her as someone who was completely out of control with no respect for herself. This was a very negative view, one which I could not see in myself at the other end of the spectrum! Effects on families and friends For parents and others who are close to a person who is trapped inside the condition of anorexia, there can seem like there is no escape. It is difficult for them to understand and empathise with self destructive behaviours.It becomes extrememly distressing to see a loved one wasting away whilst refusing offers of food which seem such a tantalisingly simple solution to the problem. Feelings of helplesness and guilt set in, along with frustration, anger and despair. (Quote from my Mum from 1991). My Mother set about criticising my ‘ridiculous behaviour’ in a bid to scare me into eating this only served to make me more determined to empower myself with what had turned from self defeating behaviour into self destructive behaviour and ultimately formed a self defeating behaviour in my Mother. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 5 of 9Treatment The idea of being ‘cured’ of Anorexia by the sufferer is usually completely undesirable because what that ‘cure’ implies is that they will eat more food, put on more weight and become fat, the very thing they are trying to avoid! Therefore, Anorexia has to be acknowledged as a problem by the sufferer before effective treatment can take place. Traditionaly the disorder is treated with a combination of individual psychotherapy and family therapy to look beyond the basic issue of food intake and address the emotional issues that underpin the disorder using a psychodynamic approach. Important ethical considerationsIt is important for therapists to consider that Anorexia Nervosa, although starts out as a self defeating behaviour, it’s consequences lead to many serious medical conditions which can range from malnutrition, loss of concentration and loss of periods to total organ failure and death. Therefore a therapist should never aim to treat the condition alone, but any psychological intervention to treat the underlying causes should take place alongside appropriate medical care. Any therapists working with an anorexic client would always need written medical consent and specialist supervision and should be experienced in this field of work.However, members of the sufferers family and close friends may also benefit from therapy to address any stress, anxiety and guilt surrounding the issue and in the absence of any other contraindications, medical consent for this group would not be necessary. The psychodynamic approach The psychodynamic approach will view the clients behaviour as being derived from some internal conflict, motive or unconscious force. Once it is discovered where this conflict began the therapist can set about working through those issues to a resolutio n. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 6 of 9Generally, it is believed that if behaviours are discontinued without addressing the underlying motives that are driving them, then a relapse will occur. During my battle with Anorexia, I was hospitalised and fed to increase my body weight. I ate willingly and was quickly considered cured and discharged from the hospital. However, I had deliberately manipulated the situation with the view that the sooner I could ‘escape’ the quicker I could get back on with the job. Taking control, to bring back the feel good feelings and the sense of empowerment that meant even more to me after having been ‘overpowered’ in the hospital.Clearly this treatment was very ineffective. Later I sought help through a therapist who, using a psychodynamic approach, was able to take me back through the death of my friend and deal with the grief in an appropriate way. This eventually helped me to let go of controlling my food intake as a way of dealing with these suppressed emotions. Behavioural symptoms in the psychodynamic approach are viewed as expressions of the patient's underlying needs. Often issues can disappear or lie dormant with the completion of working through these issues.However, a psychodynamic approach to anorexia is not all encompassing. During the recovery process, anorexics will frequently suffer from feelings of panic as they learn to lessen their control. As weight is gained, they will feel anxious much of the time and suffer from low self esteem or perhaps even feel that they are a ‘bad' person and have to become a ‘people pleaser' to make up for it. Anorexics are very often perfectionists and can be very harsh on themselves. All these things combined can make the process of recovery a very stressful, anxious and self deprecating experience (My own experience).A cognitive behavioural therapy approach may best meet the needs of a client feeling this way. Anorexics are often not fully aware of the initial cause of the condition and therapy may be a way to Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 7 of 9 lift the lid off of buried emotions to enable sufferers to deal with their underlying emotions. During the grip of the disorder the over-riding emotion felt is fear and this fear over rides the body's natural wisdom around food and eating, the sufferer distrusts themselves and fears that their ‘secret greedy self' may emerge and they will lose control completely.The sufferer will hate their ‘secret greedy self' and cognitive behavioural therapy would be a valuable tool in rebuilding self trust, improving self esteem, and overcoming fear and anxiety that arises through the process of recovery. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a time-limited and focused approach that helps a person understand how their thinking and negative self-talk and self-image can directly impact their eating and negative behaviours. CBT usually focuses on identifying and altering dysfunctional thought patterns, attitudes and beliefs that may perpetuate the sufferers restrictive eating.A researcher in the early 1980’s by the name of Chris Fairburn developed a specific model of CBT to help in the treatment of Anorexia, using the traditional foundations of CBT therapy – helping a person understand, identify and change their irrational thoughts (the ‘cognitive’ part) and helping a person make the changes real through specific behavioural interventions such as promoting healthy eating behaviours through rewards. (http://psychcentral. com/lib/2006/treatment-for-anorexia/all/1/) Strengths and weaknessesIt is clear to see that both approaches are somewhat lacking and a multi-model approach should be taken to ensure success. The psychodynamic model will uncover the initial cause of the behaviour and addressing these issues will go a long way toward a successful outcome. However, it does not address the subsequent negative thought processes that keep the sufferer a prisoner within the condition. This is something that a CBT approach can successfully address but a CBT approach could fail to prevent a relapse if the underlying reasons for the negative self talk are not uncovered.Both treatments together will hold more strength in long term success, but neither seeks to address nutritional issues, food related symptoms or deep seated behavioural rituals of the eating disorder. Jane Ovington – Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 8 of 9 Summary Anorexia although initially can be viewed as a self defeating behaviour, is a complicated and mulit-faceted field and I would expect a consistent and long course of therapy that may focus on a psychodynamic approach alongside person centred counselling, alongside cognitive behavioural therapy, alongside appropriate medical intervention.Hypnotherapy may also be used to improve sel f esteem, reduce stress and anxiety, coping with panic and confidence building to help the sufferer relax levels of control and resume a more healthy relationship with themselves. As the anorexic begins to regain trust in themselves and their body, they can begin to feel back in control of their emotions and thoughts, thus lessening their levels of anxiety and helping toward a successful recovery. Ultimately, the pace of therapy has to be set by the client and the client has to admit to the problem in the first place before any type of therapy can begin.References: I personally suffered from this disorder from the ages of 17-21 and some of the information used has been based on my own experiences and that of my Parents. (Chrysalis Year 2 Module 5) R. L Palmer – Anorexia Nervosa. A guide for sufferers and their families. Penguin Books 1980 (http://ehealthmd. com/content/what-anorexia-nervosa http://psychcentral. com/lib/2006/treatment-for-anorexia/all/1/) Jane Ovington  œ Chrysalis North2A – Tutor , Steven Lucas, page 9 of 9 any type of therapy can begin. has to be set by the client and the client has to admit to the problem in the first place before

Definitions and treatment of Psychological Abnormality Free Essay Example, 1750 words

The same applies to psychology. Any person who displays attributes that are outside the two standard deviation limits is psychologically abnormal. This definition is probably the simplest because it basically involves gathering data, computing means and standard deviations, and then using the standard deviations to classify anybody who contradicts their limits as abnormal (Rosenhan, 1973:254). Consider psychological trait like intelligence, which has a normal distribution whose average figure is 100. Individuals whose IQ scores are two standard deviations below 100 are, therefore, abnormal (intellectually disabled). Strengths and Weaknesses The benefit of this definition is that it is purely statistical and, as is often the case with numbers, it is easy to decipher patterns. In fact, numbers often lead to a positive/negative inference. In addition, anybody can interpret numbers; one does not need professional qualifications to elucidate simple figures. The problem with this definition is that despite the existence of patterns, people can still interpret numbers differently (Comer, 2013:34). For example, an individual with superior intelligence might be considered normal despite falling beyond other averages like social behaviour. Finally, the progressive nature of research means that new data is regularly generated, meaning today’s averages might not be the same tomorrow. We will write a custom essay sample on Definitions and treatment of Psychological Abnormality or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This can create confusion when seeking a common benchmark for classifying abnormal psychology. Social Norm Deviation Every society has written and unwritten rules that define acceptable behaviour. In fact, most human behaviour is determined by norms – societal standards of right and wrong conduct. Some examples of norms include eating habits and dietary composition, eye contact, proper dressing, etiquette and courtesy, gender roles, etc (Davies, 2013:71). Any individual who regularly contradicts these informal laws is viewed as abnormal. This definition is simple, compelling, and powerful. It is based on common sense, and norms are usually so firmly embedded that they appear absolute. Strengths and Weaknesses The benefit of this definition is that social norms are so powerful that they are virtually impossible to ignore. As a result, they can be relied on to develop conclusive classifications of individuals. The methodology is simple: any person who â€Å"betrays† the norm is abnormal. This definition has two major weaknesses. The first is that it is impossible for society to be perfect (Ray, 2014:17).

Revenge in Hamlet - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 869 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/03/27 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Hamlet Essay Revenge Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? Hamlet, is a tale of a Danish prince bestowed with the burden of hashing a plan to punish his fathers murderer once his ghost appears before him, he and the public unaware of his true cause of death that he was slain by his very own blood. To Hamlets surprise his uncle, Claudius has killed his brother and proclaimed his thrown by marrying the princes mother, Gertrude. In Hamlets search for answers along with his sanity, he makes the fatal error of stabbing Polonius, the Kings right-hand servant. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Revenge in Hamlet" essay for you Create order Polonius death causes his beautiful Daughter along with Hamlets former lover, to be driven to a mental snap. Polonius son, Laertes, decides to avenge his fathers death, and the Roman Emperor sees a chance to urge eliminate his kinsman. He sets up a fencing match between Hamlet and mythical being, then poisons Hamlets drink and Laertes brand. Through the twist and turns of the tragic tale Shakespeare uncovers a reoccurring idea of revenge and while also displaying the emotional toll it can have during the duration of the act. Hamlet wants verification of his uncles betrayal of the previous king before he will take revenge upon him, he is also worrying of the moral consequences he will inherit when he commits the sin of murder. He is stresses himself because as an Christian man he is completely aware of what happens when a since is committed, the question of will God ever forgive him comes to play in his mind heavily Its Satans delight to tell me that once hes got me, he will keep me. But at that moment I can go back to God. And I know that if I confess my sins, God is faithful and just to forgive me. (Redpath) He looks to be cautious of his fathers ghost and therefore the allegations it makes regarding Claudius die down. The ghost 1st sighting within the play came before Horatio Hamlets friend, and 2 guards of the castle. Hamlet is then told by his fathers ghost to penalize his death once he follows the spirit into the forest. In Elizabethan times, once Hamlet was written and performed, folks were terrib ly irrational. associate Elizabethan audience would have mechanically accepted the existence of the ghost, however Hamlet is skeptical of his mission he not sure if it was created to steal his soul, or the important ghost of his father. Hamlet chooses to see regardless of his thoughts of Claudius, by having an array of players investigate the presumed homicide. This makes the prince attitude change along with his actions the toll of his revenge plot is starting to weight on him. The possibility of Hamlets vengeance is communicated through some of his monologues, strikingly in his second speech once hes rebuking his very own inaction. Hamlet is hesitant to execute his uncle while still having no actual proof of the allegations of his uncle he is still fearful of the moral consequences. As the prince might be a Christian, he lives by the possibility that on the off chance that he slaughters an innocent man, he is sent directly to the underworld. It requires him an extended investment to ask his inner self if this is truly what he wants to do. as the second speech is activated by the enthusiastic discourse of the essential character, who plays the character upheld the integrity of The Mousetrap. The prince feels that hes a disappointment to his father since he cannot find the will within himself will or true purpose to commit the murder of Claudius. Twenty thousand men unavoidable passing without any protestations or fears of what happens after they kill another soul, while Hamlet cannot force himself to slaughter his dads killer because of a paranoid fear of the otherworldly results. It is not the situation which makes the man, but the man who makes the situation (Robertson) he is flabbergasted that such a large number of individuals are set up to pass the unforgivable line of sin that is not even sufficiently made to hold all of them because god expects individuals to follow his commandments This occasion puts Claudius fratricidal demonstration into point of view for Hamlet, and he chooses all that he does starting now and into the foreseeable future will be centered around avenging his dads demise. Shakespeare expanded the valuation for the content as Hamlets goals to slaughter Claudius persuaded that he is at last going to get even and does not experience the eternal repercussions that goes along with the sin of murder. Shakespeare investigates the idea of the accomplishment of Hamlet in the last scene of the play, when the prince at last slaughters Claudius. This happens when Laertes opens Claudiuss weak spot to the poisonous sword, which both the kings and Laertes have been injured by, along with the wine. Hamlet grabs his chance and cuts his uncle with the cutting edge and overpowers him to drink the deadly wine finally fulling his destiny. Hamlet feels the depth of the crime he just committed, but also feels fulfilled in the same instance he avenges his late father along with letting go of the emotional trauma cast upon him through his Godly believes.